VERB PATTERNS
During the 19th century, Japan was invaded by many European countries, and Japan knew its weaknesses. Hence Japan was very eager to catch up, and it invited many good scholars from the West to teach in Japanese Universities. Mr. Hornby was one invited to teach English. Mr. Hornby prepared the material below. I profited a lot when I was in Form 1 ~ 3 by reading these. I hope you can achieve the same too.
READ OVER THE PATTERNS MANY TIMES, UNTIL THE PATTERNS ARE FIRMLY FIXED IN YOUR MIND, THAT THEY COME OUT AS NORMAL REFLEX.
PATTERN 1 Subject Verb Direct Object
1. He cut his finger.
2. We saw your brother.
3. We have already had breakfast.
4. He does not like cold weather.
5. We always do that.
6. I want six.
7. We lit a fire.
8. They were throwing stones.
9. A baby cannot dress itself.
10. He laughed a merry laugh.
11. She dreamed a curious dream.
12. She smiled her thanks.
13. I dug a hole.
PATTERN 2 Subject Verb (not) to infinitive, etc.
1. He wants to go.
2. I have promised to help them.
3. They decided not to go.
4. Did you remember to shut the windows.
5. He agreed to pay for it.
6. Have you to go to school to-day?
7. Would you care to go for a walk?
8. He pretended not to see me.
PATTERN 3 Subject Verb Noun or Pronoun (not) to infinitive
1. He wants me to be early.
2. I asked him not to do it.
3. I told the servant to open the window.
4. Please help me to carry this box.
5. He likes his wife to dress well.
6. Your teacher expects you to work hard.
7. I warned him not to be late.
8. He allowed the soldiers to take him prisoner.
9. They have never known him to behave so badly.
PATTERN 4 Subject Verb Noun or Pronoun (to be) Complement
1. They believed him (to be) honest.
2. Do you consider him (to be) honest?
3. I consider it (to be) a shame.
4. Tom's teacher thinks him (to be) the cleverest boy in the class.
5. We proved him (to be) wrong.
PATTERN 5 Subject Verb Noun or Pronoun Infinitive, etc.
1. I made him do it.
2. Let me go.
3. We must not let the matter rest here.
4. They have never known him behave so badly.
5. I will have him do the work.
6. Will you help me carry the box.
7. Would you have me believe that.
8. I heard him come in.
9. He saw them go out.
10. They felt the house shake.
11. Watch me do it!
12. Did anyone notice the thieves leave the house?
(Passive : He was made to do it.
He has never been known to behave so badly.
They were seen to go out.)
PATTERN 6 Subject Verb Noun or Pronoun Present Participle
1. He kept me waiting.
2. I found him working at his desk.
3. They left me standing outside.
4. I head him giving orders.
5. We watched the train leaving the station.
6. Do you feel the house shaking?
7. Can you smell something burning?
8. I saw him running off.
PATTERN 7 Subject Verb Object Adjective
1. Don't get your clothes dirty.
2. The sun keeps us warm.
3. Get yourself ready.
4. Don't make yourself uneasy.
5. I found the box empty.
6. We painted the door green.
7. They set the prisoners free.
8. Can you push the door open?
9. The cold weather turned the leaves red.
10. He wished himself dead.
PATTERN 8 Subject Verb Object Noun
1. They elected him king.
2. The people crowned Richard king.
3. They chose Mr. Smith chairman.
4. We called the dog "spot".
5. They named their son Henry.
6. They made Newton president of the Royal Society.
7. They called them cowards.
PATTERN 9 Subject Verb Object Past Participle
1. You must get your hair cut.
2. Where did you have them printed?
3. She had a new dress made.
4. Have you ever heard Italian spoken?
5. His actions made him respected.
6. King Charles I had his head cut off.
7. The soldiers had two horses shot under him.
PATTERN 10 Subject Verb Object Adverb, Adverb Phrase, etc.
1. Put it here.
2. He took his hat off.
3. He has given it away.
4. Mr. Smith showed me to the door.
5. We employed her as a cook.
6. They treat their sister as if she were only a servant.
7. He brought his brother to see me.
8. He took the medicine in order to get well.
9. They led me to believe that there was no danger.
10. I don't know her to speak to.
PATTERN 11 Subject Verb (that) clause
1. I hope that you will come.
2. I suppose (that) you will be there.
3. He explained that nothing could be done.
4. Do you think (that) it will rain.
5. He saw (that) the plan was useless.
6. I suggested (that) he should leave early.
(Passive: It was explained that nothing could be done.
It was seen that the plan was useless.)
PATTERN 12 Subject Verb Noun or Pronoun That Clause
1. I told the man (that) he was mistaken.
2. I warned you (that) he would be late.
3. We satisfied ourselves that the plan would work.
4. Please remind him (that) he must be here early.
PATTERN 13 Subject Verb Conjunctive to infinitive, etc
1. I wonder how to do it.
2. I do not know what to do.
3. He is learning how to swim.
4. She was wondering which to buy.
5. Will you find out how to get there?
6. You must remember when to begin.
7. I don't know whether to leave or stay.
PATTERN 14 Subject Verb Noun or Pronoun Conjunctive to infinitive, etc.
1. He showed us how to do it.
2. Please tell me which to take.
3. Can you advise me which to buy?
4. The patterns show you how to make sentences.
5. Tell me whether to come or not.
6. They told him when to start.
7. Tell her what to do.
PATTERN 15 Subject Verb Conjunctive Clause
1. I wonder why he has not come.
2. I wonder whether he will come.
3. I do not mind where we go.
4. Do you know who he is?
5. I do not care what you think.
6. Can you suggest where this ought to go?
7. Please say what you want.
8. Nobody knows whose it is.
PATTERN 16 Subject Verb Noun or Pronoun Conjunctive Clause
1. Tell me what it is.
2. Ask him where he put it.
3. They asked us when we should be back.
4. Can you tell me how high it is?
5. Can you inform me when the train leaves?
6. Please advise me whether the children should climb the mountain.
PATTERN 17 Subject Verb Gerund, etc.
1. Please stop talking.
2. He enjoys playing tennis.
3. I remember doing it.
4. Please excuse me being so late.
5. Do you mind staying a little longer?
6. do you mind my staying a little longer?
7. She couldn't help laughing.
8. He keeps on coming here.
9. They went on working.
10. Has it left off raining yet?
1. He began talking (to talk).
2. He likes swimming (to swim).
3. I prefer staying (to stay) indoors on cold winter evenings.
4. I hate refusing (to refuse) every time.
5. He started packing (to pack) his books and clothes.
1. It wants doing (to be done).
2. Your work needs correcting (to be corrected).
3. That needs explaining (to be explained).
PATTERN 18 Subject Verb Direct Object Prep. Prepositional Obj.
1. I gave the money to my friend.
2. They told the news to everybody they met.
3. We showed the pictures to our teacher.
4. I don't lend my books to anybody.
5. He offered one to me.
6. I owe ten pounds to my tailor.
7. Throw that box to me.
8. Bring that book to me.
9. I bought some books for my brother.
10. Please save one for me.
11. Did you leave any for me.
12. She has ordered a new dress for herself.
(OR: I gave my friend the money.
I owe my tailor ten pounds.
Bring me that book.
I bought my brother some books.
Did you leave me any? )
1. Thank you for your kind help.
2. Ask him for some more.
3. Compare this with that.
4. They punished him for being late.
5. Congratulate him on his success.
6. Don't throw stones at the dog.
7. What prevented you from coming?
8. Add this to what you already have.
9. Protect us from the enemy.
10. I explained my difficulty to him.
PATTERN 19 Subject Verb Indirect Object Direct Object
1. Have they paid you the money?
2. Will you lend me five shillings?
3. Our teacher gave us an English lesson.
4. I read him the letter.
5. Please throw me that book.
6. His mother told him a story.
7. He handed me the book.
8. The pupils wished their teacher "good morning".
9. He denies her nothing.
1. She made herself a cup of tea.
2. Her father bought her a new dress.
3. Buy me one.
4. Did you leave me any?
5. She ordered herself a new dress.
6. Will you do me a favour?
7. Can you spare me one?
8. Can you get me a copy of that book?
1. I envy you your fine garden.
2. Forgive us our sins.
3. That will save me a great deal of trouble.
4. I struck him a heavy blow.
5. He asked me a question.
PATTERN 20 Subject Verb (for) Complement
1. We walked (for) five miles.
2. They had come a long way.
3. The forests stretch (for) miles and miles.
4. The rain lasted all day.
5. He may live (for) many years yet.
6. We waited (for) two hours.
7. It weighs five tons.
8. The thermometer went up ten degrees.
9. It cost ten shillings.
10. Will you stay (for) the night?
PATTERN 21 Subject Verb
1. Fire burns.
2. Birds fly.
3. We all breathe, eat and drink.
4. The moon rose.
5. The sun was shining.
PATTERN 22 Subject Verb Predicative
1. This is a book.
2. This book is mine.
3. That will be plenty.
4. Please get ready to start.
5. The weather has become warmer.
6. The leaves have turned red.
7. It feels soft.
8. The plan proves useless.
9. the results are what we expected.
10. His dream came true.
PATTERN 23 Subject Verb Adverbial Adjunct
1. Stand up!
2. We must turn back.
3. The sun rises in the east.
4. We did not go anywhere.
5. He will come as soon as he is ready.
6. A chair will not stand on two legs.
PATTERN 24 Subject Verb Prep. Prepositional Object
1. He called on me.
2. It depends on the weather.
3. He succeeded in solving the problem.
4. I rely on your help.
5. Look at the blackboard.
6. He believes in getting up early.
7. I should not think of doing such a thing.
PATTERN 25 Subject Verb to infinitive
1. He came (in order) to see us.
2. We stopped to have a rest.
3. I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
4. The motor-car has come to stay.
5. I am waiting to hear your opinion.
1. She happened to notice it.
2. They seemed not to notice it.
3. They failed to hear our call.
4. He appeared to enjoy the film.
5. I fail to see any good reason for it.
1. How can I get to know her?
2. How did you come to know him?
3. How (that) I come to think of it , ...
4. He came to see that he was mistaken.
5. He lived to be ninety.
6. I rejoice to hear of your success.
1. This house is to let.
2. The worst is still to come.
3. We are to start at once.
4. A good result is not to be expected.
5. They were to arrive during the morning.
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